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- <text id=93TT1365>
- <title>
- Apr. 05, 1993: The Threat That Lingers
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1993
- Apr. 05, 1993 The Generation That Forgot God
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- RUSSIA, Page 26
- The Threat That Lingers
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p> The threat once posed by the Soviet military machine has
- vanished along with the Soviet Union, but Russia still has
- thousands of nuclear weapons that could destroy the U.S. in less
- than an hour. As President and commander in chief, Boris
- Yeltsin has the power to use them. In a political crisis, the
- West naturally seeks reassurance that the finger on the nuclear
- trigger is steady and that the missiles are under control.
- </p>
- <p> "We are monitoring that very closely," Bill Clinton said
- last week. "We have no reason to be concerned that the
- command-and-control procedures have been interrupted." That
- process is more complicated in Russia than in Washington, where
- Clinton has instant access to the "nuclear football," an attache
- case containing the codes that launch U.S. missiles.
- </p>
- <p> According to a new study by Bruce Blair of the Brookings
- Institution, the Russian President and Defense Minister must
- jointly transmit an order to fire missiles to the uniformed
- chiefs of the general staff and the rocket forces, who both hold
- the launch codes. This Russian form of group responsibility
- depends on the military's obedience to political leaders. If
- Yeltsin was ever forced out of office, Vice President Alexander
- Rutskoi would be his legal successor; if Yeltsin refused to
- accept dismissal, which of the two would the generals choose to
- obey? Whatever they might decide, the ability to launch the
- missiles would remain in the hands of the military.
- </p>
- <p> Just as worrisome are the former Soviet warheads outside
- Russia's control. Ukraine, where 176 intercontinental missiles
- are based, has pledged to dismantle them under the two START
- treaties and sign the nuclear nonproliferation agreement. But
- it has taken no steps in that direction, and Foreign MinAnatoli
- Zlenko said last week that the political turmoil in Russia made
- his country less willing to let go of its missiles. Even "more
- precarious" and harder to control, says Blair, are 600 nuclear
- bombs stockpiled in Ukraine that belonged to the former Soviet
- Union. Ukraine wants security guarantees and aid from the U.S.
- and Russia before it agrees to give up all its nuclear arsenal.
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
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